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ALKANES AND ALKENES

                               

What are they?
These are both chains of molecules containing hydrocarbon with no functional group

They are 3 types of carbon bonds single,double and triple.

Whats so unique about them that makes them different?

Alkane

 Akane is a organic molecule chain that is bonded with hydrocarbons. An Alkane chain has only one bond. Other given name of an alkane is they are saturated compounds. Saturated means it can contain as much moisture or water can  be observed.

Alkene

On this other hand an alkene is also an organic molecule that is bonded with hydrocarbons
. It has a double bond. It is Unsaturated and its more reactive then an alkane

Meaning of saturated and unsaturated
Saturated is when they must have one bond . As for unsaturated they must have at-least 2 bonds ( Double bonds)
It is know in another name called p,bond


Alkanes have a less reaction cause of their one bond but an alkene can react more with alcohols halides and hydrogen.

React with alcohol

Formula : CnH2+OH

Naming: Still use the same prefix but the last 4 words changes to anol

Example: C2H50H is going to be called ethanol (even if it has a double bond)



Formula

Alkane: CnH2n+2

                                 Example: C6H14

Alkene: C n H 2 n        

                                    Example: C6H12

 Naming Alkanes and Alkanes

 Before knowing how to name them you first need to know the prefix and their suffix depends in which type of carbon is present.

 Alkane                                     Alkene
1 Methane                             1 Methane
2 Ethane                                2 Ethane
3 Propane                              3 Propane
4 Butane                        4 Butane
5 Pentane                      5 Pentane
6 Hexane                           6 Hexane
7 Heptane                          7 Heptane
8 Octane                            8 Octane
9 Nonane                           9 Nonane
10 Decane                         10 Decane

Example : C6H14

This is called hexane because it has 6 carbon which goes for the for hex because it represents prefix number 6.

Example 2: C8H16

 This is called an Octene because it has 8 carbon which goes for the oct  because it represents the prefix for number 8

Drawing:

They are 2 ways you can draw the formula
Image result for alkane

As you can see on the first one they are lot of letter C and these later represent Carbon and letters H represent hydrogen and they are 10 carbon and 22 hydrogen's so its Decane.

For the other they is you count from each point from the starting pint and each angle till the end which is 10 so its Decane


Counting
When counting a carbon that is name to an alkene the direction matters but for an alkane you can count either from the right or left.

Ciatation

R, Nathan. “Alkanes and Alkenes.” Alkanes and Alkenes - Organic Chemistry | Wyzant Resources, Wyzant, www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/science/chemistry/alkanes-and-alkenes.


Carey, Francis A. “Hydrocarbon.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 6 July 2017, www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon.

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