Skip to main content

ALKANES AND ALKENES

                               

What are they?
These are both chains of molecules containing hydrocarbon with no functional group

They are 3 types of carbon bonds single,double and triple.

Whats so unique about them that makes them different?

Alkane

 Akane is a organic molecule chain that is bonded with hydrocarbons. An Alkane chain has only one bond. Other given name of an alkane is they are saturated compounds. Saturated means it can contain as much moisture or water can  be observed.

Alkene

On this other hand an alkene is also an organic molecule that is bonded with hydrocarbons
. It has a double bond. It is Unsaturated and its more reactive then an alkane

Meaning of saturated and unsaturated
Saturated is when they must have one bond . As for unsaturated they must have at-least 2 bonds ( Double bonds)
It is know in another name called p,bond


Alkanes have a less reaction cause of their one bond but an alkene can react more with alcohols halides and hydrogen.

React with alcohol

Formula : CnH2+OH

Naming: Still use the same prefix but the last 4 words changes to anol

Example: C2H50H is going to be called ethanol (even if it has a double bond)



Formula

Alkane: CnH2n+2

                                 Example: C6H14

Alkene: C n H 2 n        

                                    Example: C6H12

 Naming Alkanes and Alkanes

 Before knowing how to name them you first need to know the prefix and their suffix depends in which type of carbon is present.

 Alkane                                     Alkene
1 Methane                             1 Methane
2 Ethane                                2 Ethane
3 Propane                              3 Propane
4 Butane                        4 Butane
5 Pentane                      5 Pentane
6 Hexane                           6 Hexane
7 Heptane                          7 Heptane
8 Octane                            8 Octane
9 Nonane                           9 Nonane
10 Decane                         10 Decane

Example : C6H14

This is called hexane because it has 6 carbon which goes for the for hex because it represents prefix number 6.

Example 2: C8H16

 This is called an Octene because it has 8 carbon which goes for the oct  because it represents the prefix for number 8

Drawing:

They are 2 ways you can draw the formula
Image result for alkane

As you can see on the first one they are lot of letter C and these later represent Carbon and letters H represent hydrogen and they are 10 carbon and 22 hydrogen's so its Decane.

For the other they is you count from each point from the starting pint and each angle till the end which is 10 so its Decane


Counting
When counting a carbon that is name to an alkene the direction matters but for an alkane you can count either from the right or left.

Ciatation

R, Nathan. “Alkanes and Alkenes.” Alkanes and Alkenes - Organic Chemistry | Wyzant Resources, Wyzant, www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/science/chemistry/alkanes-and-alkenes.


Carey, Francis A. “Hydrocarbon.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 6 July 2017, www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Precipitation

Precipitation Precipitation is any forms of particles, whether liquid or solid, that Precipitation reaction leads to a reaction  that leads to the formation of a heavier solid in a lighter liquid. Precipitation is basically any product of the condensation of the atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. This occurs when a portion of atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor. There are two processes, possibly acting together, can lead to the air and it becomes saturated. Cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation  forms as smaller droplets coalesion with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short periods of rain  in scattered location are named showers. An example: Mixing silver nitrate and sodium chloride in water will cause silver chloride to precipitate out of   solution   as a   solid . In this example, the precipitate is silver chloride. When writing a chemical reaction, the presence of a precip...
Post a Comment
Read more

Compostable Bioplastics

Compostable Bioplastics Bioplastics are plastics that decompose naturally in the environment. They are often used as compostable materials because they can also decompose in soil that is very good because it can due to the bacteria in the plastic. According to a study in Germany, many composts made from kitchen and garden waste contain microplastics, which are then found in the fields. This is a problem that happened in several different European countries like (France, Spain, Switzerland). Here in Cameroon composting is not a common thing so won’t be such a problem but I believe it will be a positive thing for countries in development like Cameroon because most of the food to compost in Cameroon do not have plastics they are mostly natural but if plastic was compost it would be used with bioplastics and will make Cameroon increase their economy and lower pollution in the country. Nutrients for agriculture: The recovery of organic waste is undeniably a go...
Post a Comment
Read more

What are covalent bonds and why are they important

                              Covalent bonds A covalent bond also known as molecular bound is when two nonmetals share electrons. The bonding starts forms when the electrostatic attraction of their nuclei are aiming for the same electrons. Atoms will share electrons with other atoms to be stable,  stability is gained by filling their electron shell, and each shell except for the first one needs 8 electrons to have a full shell. For example, Co2, carbon bonds covalently with 2 oxygen to have a full outer shell, oxygen needs 2 electrons to have a full outer shell and carbon, and carbon needs 4 more electrons for a full outer shell, so its going to bond with the oxygen and both elements will be stable. Due to the sharing of electrons, they show physical properties  that include lower melting points and lower  electrical conductivity  compared to ionic compounds .  There are two ...
Post a Comment
Read more